زمن المستقبل البسيط
The Future Simple Tense
The Future Simple Tense
Formation
Simple Future has two different
forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms
can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings
تكوين الزمن :
للمستقبل البسيط له صيغتان للتعبير عنه :
Will ( 'll ) + base ( مصدر الفعل) الأولى :
Be (am , is , are ) going to + base الثانية : ( مصدر الفعل)
و سنتناول إن شاء الله الفرق بين كل منهما بالشرح و التوضيح حتى يكون الأمر واضحا للجميع .
يعبر المستقبل البسيط فى عمومه يعبر عن حدث سيقع فى المستقبل
Through this declarative picture , the future simple tense expresses about an event or action that would happen in the future .
أولا Will
FORM Will
[will + verb]
OR : 'll + Verb
Examples:
• You will help him later.
• Will you help him later?
• You will not help him later
استخداماته :
USE 1 "Will" to Express a Voluntary Action
1- تستخدم Will للتعبير عن عمل تطوعى يتقدم به الفرد لعمله أو فى حالة الطلب المؤدب ( العرض و الطلب ) .
"Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else We also use "will" when we request that someone help us or volunteer to do something for us. Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something.
Examples:
• I will send you the information when I get it.
• I will translate the email.
• Will you help me move this heavy table?
• Will you make dinner?
لاحظ المثال التالى و أمعن النظر و العقل فيه :
I will visit my uncle in Cairo .
و يعنى سأزور عمى فى القاهرة ( لكن القرار وليد اللحظة ) الآن .
USE 2 "Will" to Express a Promise
"Will" is usually used in promises.
2- تستخدم Will أيضا للتعبير عن الوعد و خاصة فى ( القرارات السريعة ) أى أن الفرد قد اتخذ القرار فى هذه اللحظة الحالية – وقت التحدث .
Examples:
• I will call you when I arrive.
• Don't worry, I'll be careful.
• I won't tell anyone your secret.
USE 3 " Will " Prediction
We often use the simple future tense to make a prediction about the future. Again, there is no firm plan. We are saying what we think will happen. Here are some examples:
• It will rain tomorrow.
• People won't go to Jupiter before the 22nd century.
• Who do you think will get the job
Be going to + Verb
I am going to have a baby .
She is going to travel to Canada next month
استخداماته :
USE "Be going to" to Express a Plan
يستخدم هذا التركيب للتعبير عن نية مستقبلية ( خطة) و لكن القرار كان الفرد قد اتخذه فيما قبل بمعنى أن القرار ليس وليد اللحظة
"Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. It does not matter whether the plan is realistic or not.
Examples:
• He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.
• She is not going to spend her vacation in Hawaii.
• A: When are we going to meet each other tonight?
B: We are going to meet at 6 PM
لاحظ المثال التالى و أمعن النظر و العقل فيه :
I 'm going to visit my uncle in Cairo .
و يعنى سأزور عمى فى القاهرة ( لكن القرار تم اتخاذه سلفا ) أى أنه توجد خطة مسبقة للقيام بالفعل .
النفى و الإستفهام
Negation & Interrogation
ينفى المستقبل ب will عن طريق وضع not بعدها will not = won't
We won't be here tomorrow .
ينفى المستقبل Be going to بوضع not بعد am , is , are ، مثال :
I am not going to school tomorrow .
She isn't going to be at the party next Monday
أما الاستفهام : فيتم تكوينه عن طريق تقديم الفعل المساعد Will أو Am, Is , Are على الفاعل
مثال :
Who are you going to invite to the party?
A: Who is going to make John's birthday cake?
Will you make dinner?
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المصدر: http://www.english4arab.net/vb/t22942.html
